Ekonomika

An accounting information system (AIS) plays a key role in providing the financial information for decision making within an organization. The degree of usability and value of the information provided by an AIS largely depends on its timeliness and quality. Both can be improved by the participation of the non-financial stakeholders in its preparation, and by its reuse across multiple business processes.
The goal of the research was to investigate AIS integration models in Lithuanian small and medium enterprises, and to determine the prerequisites and obstacles for their integration with the business processes and external information systems. A number of Lithuanian business companies were visited to investigate their information systems. Interviews with the accounting personnel were conducted and the related documentation was inspected. The object of the research was a set of problems concerned with the use of the information provided by the entity’s accounting information system in other functional areas for decision making purposes. Issues involving the preparation and communication of the accounting information for the use of external stakeholders were considered as well.
The results of the research showed that the degree of integration of the accounting information systems of small and medium Lithuanian enterprises with their business partners and state institutions remains low, although prerequisites for the integration in some cases are in place.. Obstacles that preclude closer integration with external the systems are the relative inflexibility of the accounting software, the lack of use of the contemporary information and communication technologies, and high investments. To encourage closer integration within the systems, the Service Oriented Architecture should be provided, and be open for Data Integration, easy customization, and extensibility.

Assessment of Accounting Information System Integration in Small and Medium Lithuanian Enterprises  477.1 KB

Jau parsisiuntė: 38

The article reviews the essence and the main principles of the strategic management, discusses the strengths and weaknesses that may be caused by the strategy of the organization. The content and the concept of the social responsibility of a business organization is dissertated mainly through the wide elaboration of the argument for and against business organizations to bear and implement the social responsibility. The links between the strategy and the social responsibility have been uncovered by merging the theories and various aspects of the strategic management and the social responsibility as well as the importance of the integration of the element of social responsibility into the strategy of the business organization is revealed. The most recent t models of the formation of organizational strategy, in which the element of the social responsibility as well as the ethic and moral principles may be detected, are presented. Eventually the measurement and assessment problems of the implementation of social responsibility within the framework of organizational strategy are thoroughly discussed.

The Stand of Social Responsibility Within the Strategy of Business Organization  523.75 KB

Jau parsisiuntė: 18

The article presents a thorough explanation of the concepts defining the well-being of life and proposes, on the basis of various authors’ research and trials, a generalised and complex understanding of the quality of life and a systemic concept of the quality of life. The article discusses the integrated indicators of the quality of life as used by international scientific and consulting institutions, methodologies and the taken measurements of the quality of life, presents international comparisons of indicators of the quality of life. On the basis of the system of indicators of the quality of life as offered by the authors, a change in the well-being of life of the Lithuanian population and its quality during the period of functioning of the market is analysed, and the principal positive and negative factors which affected the quality of life of the population in the period of 2000-2008 are identified.

Quality of Life of the Population of Lithuania: the Conception, Development and Prospects  655.08 KB

Jau parsisiuntė: 23

The prevailing opinion in Lithuania is that the country‘s economic growth was determined by the inflow of foreign direct investments (FDI). Their influence on the Lithuanian economy remains unquestionable, however, there is a tendency to overestimate their impact, while other
factors are under-estimated or ignored completely when conclusions on their influence on the country‘s economy are drawn. Based on the data of the Department of Statistics of Lithuania, Eurostat, other agencies and the analysis of the research of Lithuanian and foreign academics on FDI, and the impact of the innovations on the country‘s economy, the given study presents the analysis of the three main channels for the technological and innovation diffusion, which have exercised a decisive influence on the economic development in Lithuania over the last decade. They are foreign direct investments, international trade, and the country‘s knowledge capital. These diffusion channels were considerably important in the transition period, however, the creation of original knowledge and innovations, or the creative application of the technology created in other countries and application of the knowledge gained abroad was utilised least. In Lithuania,, the creation and adoption of extended modifying innovations and technologies was dominant in terms of innovation modes, while the strategic innovations were created by only 1 percent of Lithuanian enterprises . A comparative analysis of surveys, statistical data, and academic studies was conducted and lead to the conclusion that the main technology and innovation diffusion channel, as well as the main driving force behind Lithuania‘s economy during the transitional period of 1996–2007 was neithert FDI nor the scientific potential of the country, but rather the international trade. In addition, the data suggests that the country‘s scientific potential was ill-prepared for the changes brought on by globalisation and had a very weak impact on the growth of the Lithuanian economy and the economy‘s technological and innovational reorientation, which led to the enterprises searching for other possible sources of innovation. The model for the creation of innovation eacompassing state institutions, the science community and enterprises was not functional during the said period in Lithuania.

Internal and External Factors that Determined Innovation Diffusion Channels in Lithuania  474.62 KB

Jau parsisiuntė: 21

In modern times improvement of the estimation techniques related to the productivity of economic objects y is topical. The article deals with the problems of construction of the rating systems for the estimation of enterprises not related to the financial sector of the economy according to the results of their activity for a calendar year. yea. In order to construct the aggregated indicators for the estimation of the efficiency of the enterprise activity it proposes to unite thepossibilities of the classical financial analysis and the methods of the multidimensional statistical analysis. The created indicators accumulate the information on the initial indicators and are a convenient base for the construction of the rating estimations of enterprises.

Rating Estimations of the Enterprises: Problems and Modeling  542 KB

Jau parsisiuntė: 18

The structure of financial markets is a constantly developing organism displaying an ever-changing pattern of the weight in the overall financial market structure of its constituents such as capital market, money market and the market of financial derivatives as a product of the
two markets. The changes and the new developments are caused by a vast number of reasons and factors including the interaction of the markets concerned. The structural changes taking place in the financial markets and the related forecasts are of great importance to the investors and investment portfolio managers. The financial markets of Lithuania have already become an integral part of the global financial system therefore the authors of the present study did not limit the scope of the survey exclusively to the Lithuanian markets and took a broader view by carrying out a survey of the financial market segments such as capital and money markets of a number of Eastern European, Western European, North American States and the Pacific Ocean region, also the trends of the structural developments as well as the factors causing the processes.
The purpose of the present study was to assess whether capital and money markets develop in parallel, i.e., the development of one market creates the conditions favourable for the growth and development of the other, or the two markets perform as competitors. The object of the survey: money and capital markets of East European, West European, North American and Pacific Ocean region countries. Methods used: analysis of the research literature, statistical grouping, correlation analysis.

Interrelation of the Money and Capital Markets  595.55 KB

Jau parsisiuntė: 31

The article deals with the economic growth in different scale economies, namely, resource-abundant and resource–driven countries and chances for the conversion of the latter into the knowledge-based mode of development. The paper deals with two problems 1) economic growth in different groups of the small-scale countries of the world economy through the estimate of the historical context ; 2) dynamics of the assessment in small and large transit economies.
The goal of the article is to promote the idea of the resource-rich economies which find themselves at different stages of overcoming transitivity from the curse to the blessing type of economic growth. The hypothesis of the article is that sustainable economic development and continuous economic growth in transit economies could be achieved by means of the formation of the rent capitalism model in the large resource-rich countries. The methods used in the article are analysissynthesis, historical and logical methods of investigation, methods of international comparisons. The main conclusion of the article is that due to the formation of rent capitalism model growing gigantic countries play a predominant role in the world economy and in the global financial markets gaining the role of the savior during the expansion of the global financial crisis.

Economic Growth in the Large and Small-Scale Economies and the Role of Resources in Conversion of Energy-Oriented to Innovation-Driven Economy  395.4 KB

Jau parsisiuntė: 19

Macroeconomic policy is a major factor of country’s wellbeing. It could be a catalist of the economic growth and could have detrimental impact on the economy. In other words, it may be both public good and public evil. The gist of the given article is to show how cognitive, fiscal and monetary factors influenced Lithuanian economy in both pre-crisis and crisis periods.

The Macroeconomic Policy Trap: Lithuanian Case  380.91 KB

Jau parsisiuntė: 21

The common currency as a changeover project was a multidimensional phenomenon and one of the most important events in the European monetary history. The European Union membership provides the new Member States with an opportunity to access to the euro area, but
they are free to choose the target date for the euro adoption. The situation has essentially changed over the recent two decades following the conclusion of the Treaty of the European Union because the relationship between the euro area and non-euro area experienced the proportional shifts in the critical mass of both the population and the annual gross domestic product. This article is innovative, in particular, in its decision to explore the problem related to the target date for the euro adoption. State leaders and other high officials often point out publicly to the most different target dates for the euro adoption in the country. However, the author of the article as a researcher is interested only in the plans recorded in the official documents with concrete responsibility and non-speculative commitments. The article concludes that if non-euro area member states want to adopt the euro as quickly as possible they need a sound changeover strategy with a definite target
date. If the government fails to support a systematic planning for the euro adoption strategy and control effort for the changeover measures, any target date for the euro adoption will be unrealistic, irrespective of the fact how dutifully all involved institutions may work. The strategy focused on the target date needs to be assessed from the perspective of the structural reforms and must be carefully chosen. Moreover, without definition of a concrete target date for the euro adoption, it is impossible and senseless to announce the euro adoption to be the priority of the national economic policy. Lithuania is currently not only the actor of the common trade area, but also poses competition
for other member states; therefore, the analysed problem of the target date is just a reflection of the date, when the state would start using its deficient resources adhering to the cost-effectiveness principle in a much stricter way. As this analytical research shows, not a single state managed to adopt the euro without the prior establishment of the concrete target date.

The Euro Area Enlargement: the Target Date Problem  493.69 KB

Jau parsisiuntė: 19